THE SUMMER SOLSTICE

                     Nick Joaquin





I. UNFAMILIAR WORDS

1. implore - to make a very nervous or emotional request to someone.
          - to say (something) as a serious or emotional request.
2. furnace - one for melting metals
3. dilating - to become larger or wider
4. groaned - to make a deep sound because of pain or some strong emotion ( such as grief or disappointment
5. piebald - spotted with two different colors ( especially black and white )
6. sagged - to bend or hang down in the middle especially because of weight or weakness.
7. mirth - happiness and laughter
8. stolid - showing little or no emotion : not easily excited or upset
9. avert - to turn ( your eyes,  gaze,  etc. ) away or aside
10. brute - very strong or forceful,  but harsh
11. dart - a quick movement
12. brandish - to wave or swing (something,  such as weapon) in a threatening or excited manner
13. uproariously - very noisy,  extremely funny
14. drench - to make ( someone or something ) completely not.
15. gaily - in a happy and lively way,  bright and colorful way
16. concourse - a large open space or hall in a public building
17. clad - past and past participle of CLOTHE
18. soggy - heavy with water or moisture : completely wet and usually wet
19. precursor - something that comes before something else and that often leads to or influence its development
20. pranced - to walk or move in a lively and proud way
21. shrouded - a cloth that is used to wrap a dead body
22. virile - having or suggesting qualities (such as strength and sexual energy ) that are associated with men and that are usually considered attractive in men.
23. cassock - a long gown by a priest
24. parasol - a light umbrella that you use to protect yourself from the sun
25. frock - a woman's or girl's dress
26. horde - a large group of people
27. smug - having or showing the annoying quality of people who feel very pleased or satisfied with their abilities,  achievements,  etc.
28. peevish - feeling or showing irritation
29. impregnable - not able to be captured by attack : very strong
30. vindictively - having or showing a desire to hurt someone who has hurt or caused problems for you.
31. titter - to laugh in a quiet and nervous way
32. enamor - to cause (someone ) to be loved or admired
33. flamenco - a fast and lively Spanish Dance : also : music that is played for this type of dance
34. transfixed - to cause someone to sit or stand without moving because of surprise,  shock,  interest,  etc.
35. huddle - to come closer together in a group
36. disdain - a feeling of strong dislike or disapproval of someone or something you think does not deserve respect
37. distaste - to feel aversion to : to offend,  displease
38. cad - a rude and selfish man
39. rueful - showing or feeling regret for something done
40. smolder - to burn slowly without flames but usually with smoke
41. neigh - to make a loud, long sound
42. keen - having or showing an ability to think clearly and to understand what is not obvious or simple about something
43. writhe - to twist your body from side to side
44. shawl - a piece of cloth that is used especially by women as a covering for the head or shoulders
45. grotesque - a style of decorative art characterized by fanciful or fantastic human and animal forms often interwoven with foliage or similar figures that may distort the natural into absurdity,  ugliness,  or caricature
46. derision - the feeling that people express when they criticize and laugh at someone in an insulting way.
47. taut - very tight from being pulled or stretched,  not loose or slack
48. pallet - a straw -filled tick or mattress
49. shroud - a cloth that is used to wrap a dead body
50. orgy - something that is done too much and in a wild way
51. akimbo - having the hand on the hip and the elbow turned outward
52. stifling - to not allow yourself to do or express
53. clench - to set (something) in a tightly closed position
54. loomed - to be close to happening : to be about to happen
55. contemptuous - feeling or showing deep hatred or disapproval,  feeling or showing contempt
56. thrust - to push ( someone or something ) with force
57. sole - the undersurface of a foot
58. frail - easily damaged and destroyed
60. wrack - ruin,  destruction
61. flung - past and past participle of FLING

II.  ESSENCE OF THE STORY

        The Summer Solstice is a short story about The Tatarin and St. John's Festival that shows the unequal treatment between man and woman.

III. SETTINGS

    A. Place

       In the dining room - in the kitchen - to the backdoor - across the yard - in the bed - in the doorway - up the road - toward the house - on the way home - from the bedroom - around the tiny plaza - in the front of the barrio chapel - on the side walk - up the street - in the square - on the balconies - towards the chapel - to the doorway - rolled out to the street - in the bedroom - across the floor.

     B. Time

        Seven in the clock - Last night - that afternoon - last night - morning - evening - first night - that night


IV. CHARACTERS

   1. Don Paeng
   2. Doña Lupeng
   3. Guido
   4. Amanda
   5. Entoy

V. CHARACTERIZATION

    1. Don Paeng - the highly moral husband of Donya Lupeng .  
    2. Doña Lupeng - the wife of Don Paeng
    3. Guido - young cousin to the Moretas who studied in Spain .
    4. Amanda - the family cook and Entoy's Wife
    5. Entoy - the family driver

VI.  PLOT

     Tatarin, also sometimes spelled as Tadtarin , is a three Day traditional fertility ritual about women and held during summer in the Philippines . The last day of the Festival coincided with St. John's Day ; a Catholic Feast . Men dressed as women were able to participate in Pagano ( pagan) celebration . Entoy informed Doña Lupeng that Amada participated in the Tatarin fertility ritual . Amada was believed to have become the Tatarin personified . The next Day , while onboard a carriage , Doña Lupeng started a conversation regarding how Amanda could still believe in ritual . Don Paeng cut his short because children were listening . The carriage stopped , and they watched the St.John's Day procession . Thinking and speaking to herself .Doña Lupeng mocked the men's arrogance during the procession . Upon arriving at the house , Doña Lupeng found out that Guido , had participatef also in both the St. John's Day procession  and the Tatarin Ritual . Guido enjoyed the ' Fiestas ' . Guido lifted Doña Lupengs skirt while the latter was on her way to look for her children . Doña Lupeng told Don Paeng about the incident , including the detail when Guido kissed her feet . Don Paeng was disgusted and reasoned that a woman needed love and respect , not adoration . Doña Lupeng and  Don Paeng went to see the Tatarin ritual at the plaza . The revelers had their own St. John's Statue . Doña Lupeng joined the ceremony , failing from pulling Doña Lupeng out of the ritual , Dong Paeng had to ask the carriage driver , Entoy , to take Doña Lupeng back . At the house , Doña Lupeng was able to make to make Don Paeng tell her that be adored her . In submission , Don Paeng kissed Doña Lupeng's feet .

VII. POINT OF VIEW

    The Author

VIII. THEME OF THE STORY

     LOVE and RESPECT are the only KEYS of long lasting RELATIONSHIP.
  

TOPIC GENERATION TECHNIQUES

A.BRAINSTORMING: is a group or individual creativity technique by which efforts are made to find a conclusion for a specific problem by gathering a list of ideas spontaneously contributed by its member(s). The term was popularized by Alex Faickney Osborn in the 1953 book Applied Imagination. Osborn claimed that brainstorming was more effective than individuals working alone in generating ideas, although more recent research has questioned this conclusion.^[1] Today, the term is used as a catch all for all group ideation sessions. 

FOR EXAMPLE:

B.CLUSTERING: Clustering is similar to another process called Brainstorming. Clustering is something that you can do on your own or with friends or classmates to try to find inspiration in the connection between ideas. The process is similar to freewriting in that as you jot down ideas on a piece of paper or on the blackboard, you mustn't allow that ugly self-censor to intrude and say that your idea (or anyone else's) is dumb or useless. Write it down anyway. In Clustering, you jot down only words or very short phrases. Use different colored pens as ideas seem to suggest themselves in groups. Use printing or longhand script to suggest that ideas are main thoughts or supportive ideas. Don't bother to organize too neatly, though, because that can impede the flow of ideas. Don't cross anything out because you can't tell where an idea will lead you. When you get a few ideas written down, you can start to group them, using colored circles or whatever. Draw linking lines as connections suggest themselves. 


FOR EXAMPLE:

 C.FREEWRITING: is a prewriting technique in which a person writes continuously for a set period of time without regard to spelling, grammar, or topic. It produces raw, often unusable material, but helps writers overcome blocks of apathy and self-criticism. It is used mainly by prose writers and writing teachers.^[1][2] Some writers use the technique to collect initial thoughts and ideas on a topic, often as a preliminary to formal writing. Free writing is not the same as automatic writing.
Unlike brainstorming where ideas are simply listed, in freewriting one writes sentences to form a paragraph about whatever comes to mind.

FOR EXAMPLE:

REBUS WRITING

A rebus is an allusional device that uses pictures to represent words or parts of words. It was a favourite form of heraldic expression used in the Middle Ages to denote surnames.
For example, in its basic form, three salmon (fish) are used to denote the name "Salmon". A more sophisticated example was the rebus of Bishop Walter Lyhart (d.1472) of Norwich, consisting of a stag (or hart) lying down in a conventional representation of water.
The composition alludes to the name, profession or personal characteristics of the bearer, and speaks to the beholder Non verbis, sed rebus, which Latin expression signifies "not by words but by things"^[1] (res, rei (f), a thing, object, matter; rebus being ablative plural).^[2]

PICTOGRAM

A pictogram, also called a pictogramme, pictograph, or simply picto,^[1] and also an 'icon'^{[citation needed]}, is an ideogram that conveys its meaning through its pictorial resemblance to a physical object. Pictographs are often used in writing and graphic systems in which the characters are to a considerable extent pictorial in appearance.
Pictography is a form of writing which uses representational, pictorial drawings, similarly to cuneiform and, to some extent, hieroglyphic writing, which also uses drawings as phonetic letters or determinative rhymes. In certain modern use, pictograms participate to a formal language (e.g. Hazards pictograms).

SYLLABUS :)

EngLish II Syllabus :)